Orange peel is the wrong ingredient for one-carrier thinking.
Orange peel combines oil-phase aroma, bitter peel structure, and lighter aqueous aromatic lift. The flavedo holds much of the peel-oil signal; ethanol can reach different bitter or semi-polar material; hydrosol catches a lighter distillate-readable fraction; emulsion can distribute oil intensity in water.
The failure is substitution. Hydrosol cannot be treated as orange oil in water. Oleo cannot be treated as juice. Tincture cannot be treated as neutral citrus brightness. Each carrier changes the orange.
The constraint is carrier separation. Citrus chemistry must not become cultivar-universal, and orange hydrosol terpene-ratio claims remain unsettled unless source review resolves them.
Name the orange function first. Use hydrosol for halo, oleo for peel-oil sweetness, tincture for bitter peel length, and emulsion for oil intensity in an aqueous system.
Validate by comparing carrier against goal. A good orange peel system does not crown one method; it matches the extract to the job.
